Yarn yarn manufacturing / Spinning Viva Question For Jobs

Introduction:

This article is written for beginners who are interested to do job in yarn manufacturing industry. Yarn manufacturing is the pioneer industry in Bangladesh as well as South Asia. Though recently yarn market is not passing good time. Who try to get job in yarn production following questions and answers will be helpful for viva board.

Yarn Manufacturing Viva Questions and Answers: 

1. What is fiber? 
Ans: Fiber or fibre is classes of materials that are continuous filaments or are in discrete elongated pieces, similar to lengths of thread. They are very important in the biology of both plants and animals, for holding tissues together. 

2. What is textile fiber? 
Ans: Textile fiber has some characteristics which differ between fiber to Textile fiber. Textile fiber can be spun into a yarn or made into a fabric by various methods including weaving, knitting, braiding, felting, and twisting. The essential requirements for fibers to be spun into yarn include a length of at least 5 millimeters, flexibility, cohesiveness, and sufficient strength. Other important properties include elasticity, fineness, uniformity, durability, and luster.

3. What is yarn? 
Ans: Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibers, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery, and rope making. 

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Depending Factors of finishing Technique

•  The type of fibre and its arrangement in yarn and fabric.
•  The physical properties of the fibre, particularly in respect of swelling capacity as affecting the behavior when pressure or friction is applied in wet and dry states and at high and low temperature.
•  The receptivity of the fabric for absorbing various finishing preparation 
•  The susceptibility of the mtl. to chemical modification

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Color Fastness to Perspiration Test

Test specimen:

1.  Sample fabric – 50 mm * 50 mm
2.  Multifibre fabric – 50 mm * 100 mm
3.  Cut the multifibre into two piece
4.  Sandwich the test specimen between two piece of multifibre

Testing Solution:


1. Alkaline Solution:
Histidine monohydro chloride monohydrate (C6H10ClN3O2.H2O)– 5.00 g/L
NaCl – 5.00 g/L
Disodium hydrogen orthophosphate (Na2HPO4.2H2O) – 2.5 g/L
PH – 8 (Adjust by 0.1 N NaOH)






2. Acidic Solution:
Histidine monohydro chloride monohydrate (C6H10ClN3O2.H2O)– 5.00 g/L
NaCl – 5.00 g/L
Sodium di-hydrogen orthophosphate (NaH2PO4.2H2O) – 2.2 g/L
PH – 5.5 (Adjust by 0.1 N NaOH)


Method:
- The composite specimen is put in a peri dish (2 specimen of a sample).
- Solution (Alkaline & Acidic) is taken in the two peri dish. Here, M:L is taken
1:20.
- Bubble is made out from the specimen by tapping.
- The specimen is put for 30 minutes.
- A glass plate is placed on the composite specimen for 15 minutes at room


temperature.
- Excess solution is poured off.
- Peri dish with composite specimen & glass plate is placed into the incubator at
(372) 0C for 4 hours.
- The specimen is dried (Temp  600C)



Report:
- Change of shade & degree of staining is measured by the Grey Scale & Staining
Scale.

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Important/Advantages/Why resin finishing is applied on cotton

i) Improved resistance and recovery to creasing is important by resin finish.

ii) Resin finish improves resilience, handle and draping properties of fabrics.

iii) Increase in weight is achieved.

iv) Increase the strength of rayon in both and cold state.

v) Decrease the extension of rayon with freedom from distortion.

vi) Resin finishing, dye fastness co be improved.

vii) By resin finish, dye fastness can be improved

viii) Resin finisher some times resists the degradation of textile mtl by light

ix) Resin finish gives com fort to wearer in different climates.

x) It imparts adequate resistance to wear and tear of fabrics.

xi) It provides full retention of all creases and pleats.

xii) Good soil repellency and easy removal of soil by washing can be achieved by resin finish.

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Effect of finishing on Fabric Properties/ Object of finishing

(1) To improve attractiveness.
If can be done by-

I) Modification of fabric appearance
e.g. calendering or ironing, optical brightening or whitening, delusturing, mercerizing.
II) Alternation of fabric handle e.g. softening, stiffening, weighting etc.
III) Control of fabric dimension
e.g. shrinkage resistant, chemical setting, thermo setting.

(2) To improve serviceability.
It can be done by-

I) Improve performance
e.g. flame proofing, not proofing, Antibacterial
II) Improve performance
e.g water proofing, antistatic finish, coating.
III) Easy care properties.
e.g. soil and oil repellency.
resin finishing etc.

Effect of finishing on Fabric Properties/ Object of finishing

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Different betn Physical and Chemical finishing

 

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Flow chart of Ink jet printing

In ink jet printing the fabric is passed in open width form through the printing zone and the printed fabric is rolled in a batcher. The process flow chart as below-

Pre-treatment
↓
Printing by ink jet printer
↓
Fixation
↓
After treatments

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